A, the material aspect. Traditional construction mainly use civil to soil as raw material made of brick and tile, with lime, calcined limestone production prepared using sand and cement concrete, with steel and concrete made of reinforced concrete member; The materials of steel structure, unlike traditional construction using a large number of local materials, but provided by modern metallurgical industry of all kinds of steel, aluminum and various kinds of alloy, is the product of modern industry. There are all kinds of flux and the modern chemical industry production of all kinds of coating materials, plastic, adhesive, etc. High precise steel structure material standards, inspection requirements, strict storage, transportation, processing conditions, the most need to mechanized operations.
Second, structure installation. Basic production in the factory, shipped to the site after the installation, by welding or bolted to complete the main structure. Due to production in the factory, can make use of modern manufacturing all kinds of processing methods including welding, bolting, cast steel, hot bending, cold bending, hot rolling, cold rolling, etc., can make use of various testing methods including physical and chemical testing, ultrasonic testing, radiographic, magnetic particle flaw detection, etc., make more accurate processing components, quality more assured.
3, high measurement requirements. General civil size error is measured in centimeters, and steel structure in millimeters, if not reach requirement, can not be successfully installed, mandatory will produce a great initial stress, brings to the structure of the hidden dangers.
Four, structure related to materials science. All kinds of processing technology, various detection techniques, various assembly technology, welding technology, such as laser welding, high frequency welding, electroslag welding, gas shielded welding, etc., all associated and modern science. Steel structure is precise structure, modern architecture is not only a simple 3 d, and consider the connection of multiple directions, need CNC machine, need a computer connected to the Internet. High quality requirements for employees, to master certain professional and technical knowledge and possesses certain skills.
Five, the structure of the enterprise to have a design team. From the construction drawing to detail view can make the workshop workers read the details, need to deepen the design, design personnel is indispensable. General construction enterprises mainly steel samples, high levels of reinforcing steel bar worker master can take this job, so it is not professional design personnel. Steel structure enterprise requires full-time designers. Steel structure enterprise have a testing team, to physical and chemical raw materials the reinspection, guarantee the quality of raw materials conform to the specifications and design requirements, carried out on the weld inspection, to ensure the weld quality can meet the requirements of the specification and design, so still have to build their own physical and chemical laboratory, or distributed outside the test related job.
Is the steel structure is to emphasize the green building, its resources can be repeated use, conform to the construction of resource saving and environment friendly concept, in line with the development of circular economy construction of the policy, countries are strongly encouraged to use the steel structure technology. However, in the following several problems existing in the practical work.
First of all, general contracting qualification. At present steel structure supplier Only have steel structure professional contracting qualification, many mainly steel structure engineering, also by the civil engineering general contracting company, even if the project is based on reinforced concrete, only controlled by the civil engineering. Sometimes there will be a large steel structure company to a low level of civil work, this is very reasonable, also bring many bad consequences. At the same time, money, schedule, quality, time limit for a project are generally controlled by the contractor, which makes steel structure enterprise is passive, the steel structure of advanced nature are often submerged by the backward management and system. Civil engineering don't understand the steel structure, in order to catch up, occurs frequently because of the support system is not installed domino type of collapse. Steel structure of the production efficiency is higher, there should be a higher profits, but now the steel structure industry also become like civil micro profit, less than 5%, can only rely on the quantity growth to develop themselves, this is unsustainable.
About, which is mainly composed of steel structure engineering, steel structure enterprise shall have the qualification of general contract, we have called on for years, under the calling for and strive to partially adopted in some places, last year also mentioned in the new standard of qualification level 1 to level 2 qualification of steel structure construction company can contractsteel structure engineering, can overall contracting, hope this problem can be resolved as soon as possible.
Second, the industry classification problems. Steel structure when undertaking construction projects, as part of the construction industry, belong to the competent construction department, from the security quality, qualification evaluation, personnel training, revenue management, etc all included in civil engineering series, and place on them as a manufacturing company, also want to statistics, also want to pay tax, are subjected to supervision and technical supervision, that can be used to make products for inspection. Attribution is not clear, bull management, bull charging, disoriented, cause steel structure enterprise burden.
Steel structure incorporated into civil engineering system, due to the steel structure and civil engineering has a larger difference, qualification evaluation, personnel training and the steel structure, training out of the five official can adapt to the corresponding work of steel structure, the project manager also can not adapt to steel structure engineering In the management. Mechanical professional class from the project manager is very difficult to take an examination of the primary constructor, even civil birth long engaged in steel structure engineer due to not familiar with construction is also difficult to test, to talent pool and the growth of the industry development has brought great obstacles.
Third, the steel structure professional talent shortage problem. Because of construction steel structure is a new industry, is different from the original machinery factory production of steel structure, such as boiler, steam turbine frame or road bridge, also different from traditional civil engineering industry, so the steel structure enterprise is more special than a simple factory or construction company, which is more challenging, more risk. Purely mechanical or civil &construction speciality to graduates, the beginning can quickly adapt to the steel structure of the technical work, to complement each other, after a long time to adjust and to learn, can work well. Diploma of lack of knowledge of manufacturing process, don't understand welding, make the elaboration of figure do not conform to the requirements of the process, and is engaged in the machinery of the lack of basic knowledge of architectural structure and architectural mechanics, clear of as parts of components, but also on the overall building a lack of understanding the formation of final assembly. If the school can directly to cultivate these two aspects combined with very good people, will slowly solve the problem of steel structure professional talent shortage.
Above all on steel structure industry development fast lane of a few questions, investigate its reason, in the end, mainly steel structure in construction field or industry also is not an independent category, can not get the attention of the relevant departments and care, without government support on policy, not as a teaching professional to train specialized personnel. For this purpose, the steel structure should be a separate category, self-reliance in construction. Steel structure should be clearly belongs to the construction industry, the competent administrative department should be responsible for housing and urban-rural construction of the government organs at all levels. Steel structure shall be as an independent category, the construction industry statistics and industry training, industry planning and assessment of qualifications, including registered construction engineer and related the builder, quality engineer, resposible and welders of safety personnel, materials, and key jobs. Should universities steel structure in civil engineering major, training applied talents suitable for steel structure enterprise work. Unified tax, adopt preferential policies conducive to the development of steel structure industry. Steel structure company to give priority to with the steel structure engineering should have general contracting qualifications, for conveying steel structure enterprise culture and the corresponding management personnel and technical personnel. In addition, the party should try to put the steel structure engineering drawing alone, make steel structure enterprise in bidding.
Hall site protection shed supporting steel structureAvoid excavation and pile on construction sites
http://chinasteelstructure.blogspot.com/2013/03/hall-site-protection-shed-supporting.html
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